Acts 2:3

They saw tongues like flames of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them.

Scripture: Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain

ON THE MAP

WHEN

c. AD 30

counted from the text

Pentecost is fifty days after Passover. It is the only liturgical date the text itself gives.

WHO RULED

SOURCES

date — The Ascension and Pentecost fall in the year of the crucifixion. Paul's chronology, anchored in Gallio's term (AD 51-52 by the Delphi inscription), puts the crucifixion in AD 30 or 33.
Tiberius — Tacitus, Annals I-VI; Suetonius, Tiberius
Pontius Pilate — Josephus, Antiquities XVIII.3-4; Tacitus, Annals XV.44; the Caesarea inscription, which carries his name and office in stone
Herod Antipas — Josephus, Antiquities XVII.8-XVIII.7
Philip — Josephus, Antiquities XVII.8, XVIII.4
Caiaphas — Josephus, Antiquities XVIII.2.2 and XVIII.4.3; the ossuary of "Joseph, son of Caiaphas," found in Jerusalem in 1990

Pentecost AD 30 (approximate date)

The Spirit comes down on the disciples, and each listener hears them in his own language. The church begins multilingual, which is the opposite of Babel.