Luke 3:2
during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness.
Scripture: Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain
- WHEN
- AD 28-29
WHEN
AD 28-29
dated by the text itself
The only place in the New Testament where the text dates itself by seven authorities at once. It is not our reconstruction: it is in the verse.
WHO RULED
- Annas high priest AD 6-15 IN THE TEXT
- Tiberius emperor of Rome AD 14-37
- Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene AD 26-29
- Pontius Pilate prefect of Judea AD 26-36
- Herod Antipas tetrarch of Galilee 4 BC – AD 39
- Philip tetrarch of Ituraea 4 BC – AD 34
- Caiaphas high priest AD 18-36
SOURCES
- date — Luke 3:1-2 dates itself by the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar and names Pilate, Herod, Philip, Lysanias, Annas and Caiaphas.
- Annas — Josephus, Antiquities XVIII.2.1. He kept ruling after he was deposed, which Luke 3:2 and Acts 4:6 record by calling him high priest out of office.
- Tiberius — Tacitus, Annals I-VI; Suetonius, Tiberius
- Lysanias — Luke 3:1. The Lysanias known to Josephus (Antiquities XIV.13) was executed in 36 BC, and the identity of the tetrarch of Abilene is debated; inscriptions from Abila point to a second Lysanias.
- Pontius Pilate — Josephus, Antiquities XVIII.3-4; Tacitus, Annals XV.44; the Caesarea inscription, which carries his name and office in stone
- Herod Antipas — Josephus, Antiquities XVII.8-XVIII.7
- Philip — Josephus, Antiquities XVII.8, XVIII.4
- Caiaphas — Josephus, Antiquities XVIII.2.2 and XVIII.4.3; the ossuary of "Joseph, son of Caiaphas," found in Jerusalem in 1990
SEE ALSO
- Jonah 1:1 Now the word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai, saying,
- Acts 4:6 along with Annas the high priest, Caiaphas, John, Alexander, and many others from the high priest’s family.
- Micah 1:1 This is the word of the LORD that came to Micah the Moreshite in the days of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah—what he saw regarding Samaria and Jerusalem:
- Luke 1:80 And the child grew and became strong in spirit; and he lived in the wilderness until the time of his public appearance to Israel.
- John 18:24 Then Annas sent Him, still bound, to Caiaphas the high priest.
- Zephaniah 1:1 This is the word of the LORD that came to Zephaniah son of Cushi, the son of Gedaliah, the son of Amariah, the son of Hezekiah, in the days of Josiah son of Amon king of Judah:
- Matthew 3:1-10 In those days John the Baptist came, preaching in the wilderness of Judea …
- John 18:13-14 They brought Him first to Annas, who was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, the high priest that year. …
Cross-references: OpenBible.info, CC BY 4.0
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